Review for tor johnson resin statue6/11/2023 ![]() The powders used in SLS or SLM vary from gypsum, which solidifies upon contact with a liquid binder, to plastic or metal particles capable of sintering (e.g., nylon and titanium) by localized heating by a high-powered laser. The process of SLS or SLM is based on using powders that are converted into a continuous solid with ink-jetted binder or laser irradiation. Extrusion-based 3D printing allows for extruding polymers layer by layer to fabricate three-dimensional structures, which has been reported by plenty of papers, and fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the most typical and common extrusion-based 3D printing methods. Specifically, three approaches of AM are widely used, which are extrusion-based 3D printing, selective laser sintering (SLS) or selective laser melting (SLM), and stereolithography. AM technologies have been combined with diverse areas including electronics, actuators, biomedical engineering and sensors. They have the capability to create advanced parts that display high levels of complexity in geometry, function and composition. In addition, other derivative technologies, such as scanning–projection, multi-material, and magnetically assisted stereolithography processes, are also included in this review.Īdditive manufacturing (AM) technologies, commonly called three-dimensional (3D) printing, represent a set of processes that enable layer by layer fabrication of complex 3D structures with a wide range of materials. For each generation, representative stereolithography system configurations are also discussed in detail. In this paper, we review the four generations of stereolithography processes, which are scanning, projection, continuous and volumetric stereolithography. These innovations have thus resulted in a diversified range of stereolithography systems with dramatically improved resolution, throughput, and materials selection for creating complex 3D objects and devices. Since its invention in the 1980s, SLA underwent four generations of major technological innovation over the past 40 years. The ability to fabricate objects with high accuracy as well as a wide variety of materials brings much attention to stereolithography. Being the earliest form of additive manufacturing, stereolithography (SLA) fabricates 3D objects by selectively solidifying the liquid resin through a photopolymerization reaction.
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